Anarcho-Syndicalism, Rudolf Rocker lori Anarcho-Syndicalism

Anarcho-syndicalism jẹ ẹka ti anarchism ti o dojukọ lori iṣipopada iṣẹ. Syndicalisme jẹ ọrọ Faranse kan ti o yo lati Giriki ati itumọ “ẹmi iṣọkan” - nitorinaa afijẹẹri “syndicalism”. Syndicalism jẹ eto eto-aje ifowosowopo yiyan. Awọn olufokansin rii bi agbara ti o pọju fun iyipada awujọ rogbodiyan, rọpo kapitalisimu ati ipinlẹ pẹlu awujọ tuntun ti ijọba tiwantiwa ti ijọba nipasẹ awọn oṣiṣẹ. Ọrọ naa “anarcho-syndicalism” jasi ti ipilẹṣẹ ni Ilu Sipeeni, nibiti, ni ibamu si Murray Bookchin, awọn abuda anarcho-syndicalist ti wa ninu iṣipopada iṣẹ lati ibẹrẹ awọn ọdun 1870 - awọn ewadun ṣaaju ki wọn to farahan ni ibomiiran. "Anarcho-syndicalism" ntokasi si yii ati asa ti rogbodiyan ise isowo egbe ronu ni idagbasoke ni Spain ati igbamiiran ni France ati awọn orilẹ-ede miiran ni awọn pẹ ati ki o tete ọgọrun ọdun.

Anarcho-syndicalism ile-iwe ti anarchism

Ni ibẹrẹ orundun XNUMXth, anarcho-syndicalism farahan bi ile-iwe ero ti o yatọ laarin aṣa anarchist. Diẹ sii laala-Oorun ju ti tẹlẹ iwa ti anarchism, syndicalism ri yori isowo awin bi kan ti o pọju agbara fun rogbodiyan awujo ayipada, rirọpo kapitalisimu ati ipinle pẹlu titun kan awujo ṣiṣe awọn tiwantiwa nipa osise. Anarcho-syndicalists n wa lati fopin si eto iṣẹ-iṣẹ oya ati nini ikọkọ ti awọn ọna iṣelọpọ, eyiti wọn gbagbọ pe o yori si pipin kilasi. Awọn ilana pataki mẹta ti syndicalism jẹ iṣọkan oṣiṣẹ, iṣe taara (gẹgẹbi awọn ikọlu gbogbogbo ati imupadabọ iṣẹ), ati iṣakoso ara ẹni ti oṣiṣẹ. Anarcho-syndicalism ati awọn ẹka communitarian miiran ti anarchism kii ṣe iyasọtọ laarin ara wọn: anarcho-syndicalists nigbagbogbo ṣe deede ara wọn pẹlu ile-iwe komunisiti tabi ile-iwe ti anarchism. Awọn olufowosi rẹ funni ni awọn ẹgbẹ oṣiṣẹ gẹgẹbi ọna lati ṣẹda awọn ipilẹ ti awujọ anarchist ti kii ṣe akoso laarin eto ti o wa ati mu iyipada awujọ kan wa.

Awọn ilana ipilẹ ti anarcho-syndicalism

Awọn ipilẹ akọkọ ti anarcho-syndicalism jẹ iṣọkan oṣiṣẹ, iṣe taara ati iṣakoso ara ẹni. Wọn jẹ ifarahan ni igbesi aye ojoojumọ ti ohun elo ti awọn ilana ominira ti anarchism si ẹgbẹ iṣẹ. Imoye anarchist ti o ru awọn ilana ipilẹ wọnyi tun ṣalaye idi wọn; eyini ni, lati jẹ ohun elo ti ominira ti ara ẹni lati iṣẹ-ẹrú-oya ati ọna ti ṣiṣẹ si ọna communism libertarian.

Isokan ni irọrun jẹ idanimọ ti otitọ pe awọn eniyan miiran wa ni iru awujọ tabi ipo eto-ọrọ ati ṣe ni ibamu.

Ni kukuru, iṣe taara n tọka si iṣe ti o waye taara laarin eniyan meji tabi awọn ẹgbẹ laisi idasi ti ẹnikẹta. Ninu ọran ti iṣipopada anarcho-syndicalist, ilana ti iṣe taara jẹ pataki pataki: kiko lati kopa ninu ile-igbimọ aṣofin tabi iṣelu ipinlẹ ati gbigba awọn ilana ati awọn ilana ti o fi iduroṣinṣin mu ojuse fun iṣe lori awọn oṣiṣẹ funrararẹ.

Ilana ti ijọba ti ara ẹni tọka si imọran nikan pe idi ti awọn ẹgbẹ awujọ yẹ ki o jẹ lati ṣakoso awọn nkan, kii ṣe lati ṣakoso awọn eniyan. O han ni, eyi jẹ ki iṣeto awujọ ati ifowosowopo ṣee ṣe, lakoko kanna ṣiṣe ṣee ṣe iwọn ti o ṣeeṣe ti o tobi julọ ti ominira ẹni kọọkan. Eyi jẹ ipilẹ ti iṣẹ ṣiṣe lojoojumọ ti awujọ Komunisiti ominira tabi, ni itumọ ọrọ ti o dara julọ, anarchy.

Rudolf Rocker: anarcho-syndicalism

Rudolf Rocker jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ohun olokiki julọ ni iṣipopada anarcho-syndicalist. Ninu iwe pelebe rẹ ti 1938 Anarchosyndicalism, o gbe jade ni wiwo awọn ipilẹṣẹ ti ronu, kini a n wa ati idi ti o ṣe pataki fun ọjọ iwaju iṣẹ. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àjọ tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ ológun ni wọ́n máa ń ṣe pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ìjàkadì òṣìṣẹ́ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún ogún (ní pàtàkì ní ilẹ̀ Faransé àti Sípéènì), wọ́n ṣì ń ṣiṣẹ́ lóde òní.

Awọn anarchist akoitan Rudolf Rocker, ti o iloju a ifinufindo erokero ti awọn idagbasoke ti anarchist ero ni awọn itọsọna ti anarcho-syndicalism ni a ẹmí ti o le wa ni akawe pẹlu awọn iṣẹ ti Guerin, fi awọn ibeere daradara nigbati o kọwe pe anarchism ni ko kan ti o wa titi. , ti ara-ti o wa ninu awujo eto, sugbon dipo, kan awọn itọsọna ninu awọn itan idagbasoke ti eda eniyan, eyi ti, ni idakeji si awọn ọgbọn tutelage ti gbogbo ijo ati ipinle ajo, tiraka fun awọn free lai idiwo unfolding ti gbogbo olukuluku ati awujo ologun ni aye. Paapaa ominira jẹ ibatan nikan kii ṣe imọran pipe, bi o ṣe n wa nigbagbogbo lati faagun ati lati ni ipa awọn iyika gbooro ni awọn ọna lọpọlọpọ ati siwaju sii.

Anarcho-synicalist ajo

Ẹgbẹ Awọn oṣiṣẹ Kariaye (IWA-AIT)

International Workers Association - Portuguese Abala (AIT-SP) Portugal

Anarchist Union Initiative (ASI-MUR) Serbia

National Confederation of Labor (CNT-AIT) Spain

National Confederation of Labor (CNT-AIT ati CNT-F) France

Taara! Siwitsalandi

Federation of Social Anarchists (FSA-MAP) Czech Republic

Federation of Workers of Rio Grande do Sul - Confederation of Workers of Brazil (FORGS-COB-AIT) Brazil

Ekun Federation of Workers of Argentina (FORA-AIT) Argentina

Ẹgbẹ Awọn oṣiṣẹ Ọfẹ (FAU) ti Jẹmánì

Konfederatsiya Revolyutsionnikh Anarkho-Sindikalistov (KRAS-IWA) Russia

Bulgarian Anarchist Federation (FAB) Bulgaria

Anarcho-Syndicalist Network (MASA) Croatia

Norwegian Syndicalist Association (NSF-IAA) Norway

Taara Action (PA-IWA) Slovakia

Solidarity Federation (SF-IWA) UK

Italian Trade Union (USI) Italy

US Workers 'Solidaity Alliance

FESAL (European Federation of Alternative Syndicalism)

Spanish Gbogbogbo Confederation of Labor (CGT) Spain

Liberal Union (ESE) Greece

Free Workers Union of Switzerland (FAUCH) Switzerland

Initiative iṣẹ (IP) Poland

SKT Siberian Confederation of Labor

Ajọṣepọ Awọn ọdọ Anarcho-Syndicalist (SUF)

Aringbungbun Aringbungbun Awọn oṣiṣẹ Swedish (Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganisation, SAC) Sweden

Syndicalist Revolutionary Lọwọlọwọ (CSR) France

Federation of Solidarity Federation (WSF) ti South Africa

Awareness League (AL) Nigeria

Uruguayan Anarchist Federation (FAA) Urugue

Awọn oṣiṣẹ Ile-iṣẹ Kariaye ti Agbaye (IWW)